This means that all processes have direct hardware access to conserve CPU processing time. Using the embedded event manager feature, the interpreter can be scripted to react to events within the networking environment, such as interface failure or periodic timers.Īnd more than 100 configuration modes and submodes.Ĭisco IOS has a monolithic architecture, owing to the limited hardware resources of routers and switches in the 1980s. Most builds of IOS include a Tcl interpreter. Through the CLI, the commands available to each privilege level can be defined. All commands are assigned a privilege level, from 0 to 15, and can only be accessed by users with the necessary privilege. "Global configuration mode" provides commands to change the system's configuration, and "interface configuration mode" provides commands to change the configuration of a specific interface. The set available is determined by the "mode" and the privilege level of the current user. The IOS command-line interface (CLI) provides a fixed set of multiple-word commands. Prior to IOS, the Cisco Catalyst series ran CatOS. The company acquired a number of young companies that focused on network switches, such as the inventor of the first Ethernet switch Kalpana, and as a result Cisco switches did not initially run IOS. When IOS was developed, Cisco Systems' main product line were routers. Through modular extensions, IOS has been adapted to increasing hardware capabilities and new networking protocols. The IOS network operating system was created from code written by William Yeager at Stanford University, which was developed in the 1980s for routers with 256 kB of memory and low CPU processing power. For data center environments, Cisco Nexus switches ( Ethernet) and Cisco MDS switches ( Fibre Channel) both run Cisco NX-OS, also a Linux-based operating system. Exceptions include some Cisco Catalyst switches, which run IOS XE, and Cisco ASR routers, which run either IOS XE or IOS XR both are Linux-based operating systems.
Not all Cisco networking products run IOS. Although the IOS code base includes a cooperative multitasking kernel, most IOS features have been ported to other kernels, such as Linux and QNX, for use in Cisco products. The system is a package of routing, switching, internetworking, and telecommunications functions integrated into a multitasking operating system. The Internetworking Operating System ( IOS) is a family of proprietary network operating systems used on several router and network switch models manufactured by Cisco Systems. ( February 2015) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)ġ5.9(3)M / August 15, 2019 3 years ago ( ) Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations.
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